At first glance, memory seems something inert, caught prior to now - a memory of something that has occurred and stopped in time. But a better look reveals that memory is dynamic and connects the three temporal dimensions: evoked at the present, it refers back to the previous, however all the time views the future. During their conference entitled ‘Communicative and Cultural Memory’, researchers Jan Assmann and Aleida Assmann, each professors at the University of Konstanz, addressed this dynamic character of Memory Wave. Jan spoke on the sturdiness and symbolic features of cultural memory, emphasizing their position in the development of identities, whereas Aleida prioritized contemporary historic narrative, focusing on mnemonic processes associated to the formation of new nation-states. The occasion, held on May 15 at IEA, opened the conference cycle ‘Spaces of Remembrance’, which the researchers uttered within the country from Might 15 to 21 as a part of the 12 months of Germany in Brazil.

The cycle has been a realization of the Federal College of Paraná (UFPR) and the Institute for Superior Studies on Social and Cultural Mobility, with the support of IEA and other establishments. Jan made a distinction between two kinds of memory improvement solution: the communicative one, related to the diffuse transmission of memories in everyday life by way of orality, and cultural memory - in which the speech was centered - referring to objectified and institutionalized reminiscences, that may be stored, transferred and reincorporated throughout generations. Cultural memory is formed by symbolic heritage embodied in texts, rites, monuments, celebrations, objects, sacred scriptures and other media that function mnemonic triggers to initiate meanings related to what has occurred. Additionally, it brings again the time of the legendary origins, crystallizes collective experiences of the previous and may last for millennia. Therefore it presupposes a data restricted to initiates. Communicative memory, on the other hand, is restricted to the current previous, evokes personal and autobiographical reminiscences, and is characterized by a short time period (80 to 110 years), from three to 4 generations.

As a result of its informal character, it does not require expertise on the part of those that transmit it. Jan pointed out the connections between cultural memory and id. In response to him, cultural memory is ‘the faculty that allows us to construct a narrative image of the past and by this course of develop a picture and an identification for ourselves’. Subsequently, cultural memory preserves the symbolic institutionalized heritage to which people resort to construct their own identities and to affirm themselves as part of a gaggle. This is feasible because the act of remembering involves normative aspects, Memory Wave so that ‘if you wish to belong to a group, you will need to observe the foundations of how and what to remember’, as stated by the researcher. He additionally highlighted that, by working as a collective unifying drive, cultural memory is taken into account a hazard by totalitarian regimes. For instance, memory improvement solution he mentioned the case of the Bosnian warfare, when Serbian artillery destroyed the Library of Sarajevo in an try to undermine the memory of the Bosnians and minorities in the area.

The goal, he said, was to make tradition a clean slate so that it could possibly be possible to start a brand new Serbian id from scratch: ‘This was the strategy of the totalitarian regime to destroy the previous, as a result of if one controls the current, the previous also will get beneath control, and if one controls the past, the longer term additionally will get beneath control’. Aleida opened her convention calling consideration to a characteristic phenomenon of the current decades: a disbelief in the idea of the future and the emergence of the previous as fundamental concern. In response to the researcher, from the 1980s, confidence sooner or later as a promise of higher days lost power and gave rise to the restlessness earlier than the previous: ‘the idea of progress is increasingly out of date, and the past has invaded our consciousness’. This phenomenon, she mentioned, is the impact of the period of extreme violence of the twentieth century and new issues confronted by contemporary society, such as the environmental crisis, for instance.

However she cautioned that it isn't mere nostalgia or rejection of trendy times, since cultural memory is always directed to the future, ‘remembering forward, so to speak’. Thus, memory appears as a system to protect the past in opposition to the corrosive motion of time and to offer subsidies for individuals to grasp the world and know what to expect, ‘so they do not must reinvent the wheel and begin each technology from scratch’, as the researcher defined. Based on the idea of ‘les lieux de mémoire’ (places of memory) ready by the French historian Pierre Nora, Aleida talked concerning the changes which have taken place in the construction of nationwide memory in the post- World Struggle II and put up-Berlin Wall. Pondering from the case of France - a country that would be defined by the triumphant character of its people -, the concept of locations of memory refers to concrete symbolic objects reminiscent of monuments, museums and archives, linked to a self-image of heroism and satisfaction by the nations.

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